Recycling of the hottest glass packaging 0

Recycling of glass packaging

at present, there are four types of recycling of glass packaging bottles (cans): packaging reuse, recycling, raw material recycling and transformation. Now we will analyze the relevant recycling technology and methods

I. packaging reuse of waste glass packaging

1. Reuse mode

the so-called packaging reuse of waste glass bottle packaging refers to the packaging utilization in recycling (as mentioned above). It also has two forms of recycling, namely, packaging with the same object and packaging with changed objects

the packaging utilization of the same goods is divided into the packaging utilization of the same brand and different brands. For example, recycling beer glass bottles for beer packaging is the same thing packaging. However, it may be that the originally packaged beer is not the beer packaged after recycling. At this time, it is the packaging of different brands with the same thing packaging. On the contrary, the packaging before and after the recycling bottle is the same brand beer, which is called the same thing packaging. At present, the recycling in the market is mostly the packaging of different brands with the same packaging

the use of more material packaging has also been continuously improved, and the industrialized batch production management system is common. For example, many manufacturers of vinegar use the recycled beer glass bottles, soy sauce glass bottles and so on for the packaging of vinegar

at present, the recycling and reuse of glass bottle packaging is mainly low value and large quantity of commodity packaging glass bottles. Such as beer bottles, soda bottles, soy sauce bottles, vinegar bottles and some cans. As high-value white wine bottles, pharmaceutical (medical) bottles and cosmetic bottles are hardly recycled. The relationship between packaging recovery rate and commodity value is shown in Figure 1. As shown in the figure, the higher the value of goods, the lower the recovery rate of glass bottles

(2) reuse method

reuse process: sorting - → cleaning - → cleaning (water washing) - → washing - → water washing - → drying water - → disinfection - → standby

picking and classification refers to the classification of glass bottles of different varieties and categories according to their structural shapes, so that they can be used according to their purposes

cleaning refers to the removal of labels on the bottle body, especially plastic labels, and the removal of bottles with damaged and notched bottle mouths, so as to ensure that no accidents will occur in use (crushed or disabled bottles will crack due to mechanical pressure, resulting in pieces falling into the articles in the bottle)

detergent cleaning is to remove the dirt in the bottle and make it more hygienic and clean

disinfection process is a necessary process for food or chemicals with strict requirements, especially for medical supplies or cosmetics

Second, recycling of waste glass packaging

recycling refers to the use of recycled glass bottles for the remanufacture of similar or similar packaging bottles, which is essentially a recycling of semi-finished raw materials for glass bottle manufacturing

specifically, the recycled glass bottles are preliminarily cleaned, cleaned, classified according to color and other pretreatment; The reheating melting is the same as the original manufacturing, which will not be detailed here; Various glass packaging bottles are made from recycled materials through different processes such as blowing and adsorption

recycling furnace regeneration is suitable for various applications in power transmission and transformation construction. The tensile test machine is difficult to reuse or cannot be reused (for example, the recycling method of broken glass bottles. This method consumes more energy than the previous method.

III. recycling of raw materials of waste glass packaging

recycling of raw materials refers to the utilization method of using all kinds of glass bottle packaging wastes that cannot be reused as manufacturing additive raw materials of all kinds of glass products. The glass products here are not only glass packaging products, but also other building materials and daily-use glass products Product waste. This method consumes more energy than the first two recycling methods

an appropriate amount of broken glass is conducive to the manufacture of glass, because broken glass can melt at a lower humidity than other raw materials. Therefore, recycling glass bottles requires less heat, and the wear of the furnace body can also be reduced. Research shows that it is appropriate to mix about 30% broken glass in glass manufacturing, so it can also improve the recycled glass (see glass container manufacturing)

at present, about 20% of broken glass is used in the manufacturing process of glass container industry to promote melting and mixing with sand, limestone, alkali and other raw materials. 75% of broken glass comes from the production process of glass containers, and 25% comes from the capacity after consumption

the following problems should be paid attention to when using waste glass packaging bottles (or broken glass) for the reuse of raw materials of glass products

(1) fine selection and removal of impurities

impurities such as metals and ceramics must be removed from the recycled glass bottles, because glass container manufacturers need to use high-purity raw materials. For example, there are metal covers in broken glass, which may form oxides that interfere with furnace operation; Ceramics and other foreign substances form defects in container production

(2) color selection

recycling color is also a problem. Because colored glass cannot be used in the manufacture of colorless flint glass, and only 10% green or flint glass can be added when the friction coefficient of the bearing surface decreases by 20% in the production of amber glass. Therefore, the color of broken glass after consumption must be selected manually or by machine. Broken glass can only be used to produce light green glass containers if it is not directly used for color selection

IV. transformation and utilization of waste glass packaging

transformation and utilization of recycled glass bottle packaging refers to the direct processing of recycled glass packaging into other useful materials

this utilization method is divided into two types, one is heated and the other is non heated

1. non heated

non heated utilization is also called mechanical utilization. The specific method is to directly crush the recycled old glass according to the use situation, or first clean, classify, dry and other pretreatment, and then crush them into small particles by mechanical methods, or grind them into small glass balls for use. Its utilization ways are as follows:

① use glass fragments as combinations of pavement, building bricks, glass wool insulation materials and honeycomb structural materials

② mix the crushed glass directly with the building material components to make an integral building prefabrication

③ the shattered container glass can also be used to make reflector materials and clothing decorations

④ it is used to decorate the surface of buildings to make them have beautiful optical effects

⑤ it can be directly ground into various shapes, and then glued into arts and crafts or small decorations such as buttons

⑥ the mixture of glass and plastic waste can be molded into synthetic slate products

⑦ can be used for production sewage pipeline

2. Heating type

heating type utilization is to crush waste glass, melt it in a high-temperature melting furnace, and then prepare glass fiber by rapid drawing. This kind of glass fiber can be widely used to make asbestos tiles, glass jars, various building materials and daily necessities

the production of glass bottles is one of the packaging products that consume the most energy. It is very valuable for recycling. Figure 2 shows the recycling diagram of glass bottles. How to recycle glass packaging more effectively is a research hotspot at home and abroad

v. conclusion

among the four methods of glass packaging recycling studied above, packaging reuse is the most ideal recycling method, which is an energy-saving and economic recycling. As a transformation and utilization, this is an urgent recycling method to be developed. In the future, many new value-added technologies will be used for transformation and utilization

to sum up, the packaging reuse and recycling of waste glass packaging with a 200 mm stroke of waste gas cylinder should be vigorously promoted, and the transformation and recycling should be strengthened in research and development. No matter which recycling method can save energy, it should be studied and promoted according to local conditions

reprinted from: Green Pearl River